Redis Command Cheatsheet
Essential Redis commands for caching and data structures
Database
Redis Command Cheatsheet
A comprehensive reference for Redis commands and data structures.
Connection & Server
Connection
redis-cli # Connect to local Redis
redis-cli -h host -p port # Connect to remote
redis-cli -a password # With password
redis-cli --raw # Raw output format
AUTH password # Authenticate
PING # Test connection
QUIT # Close connection
Server Commands
INFO # Server information
INFO stats # Statistics
CONFIG GET * # Get all config
CONFIG SET parameter value # Set config
DBSIZE # Number of keys
FLUSHDB # Clear current database
FLUSHALL # Clear all databases
SAVE # Save to disk (blocking)
BGSAVE # Background save
SHUTDOWN # Shutdown server
Database Selection
SELECT 0 # Select database 0-15
SWAPDB 0 1 # Swap databases
Keys
Key Operations
SET key value # Set key
GET key # Get value
DEL key # Delete key
EXISTS key # Check if exists
KEYS pattern # Find keys (use with caution)
SCAN 0 MATCH pattern COUNT 100 # Iterate keys (preferred)
RENAME oldkey newkey # Rename key
TYPE key # Get key type
TTL key # Time to live (seconds)
PTTL key # Time to live (milliseconds)
EXPIRE key seconds # Set expiration
EXPIREAT key timestamp # Expire at timestamp
PERSIST key # Remove expiration
Key Patterns
KEYS * # All keys (dangerous!)
KEYS user:* # Keys starting with user:
KEYS *:email # Keys ending with :email
KEYS user:?00 # ? matches single char
KEYS user:[123]* # Character class
Strings
String Operations
SET key value # Set value
GET key # Get value
MSET key1 val1 key2 val2 # Set multiple
MGET key1 key2 # Get multiple
SETNX key value # Set if not exists
SETEX key seconds value # Set with expiration
GETSET key value # Set and return old value
APPEND key value # Append to value
STRLEN key # String length
GETRANGE key start end # Get substring
SETRANGE key offset value # Set substring
Numeric Operations
INCR key # Increment by 1
INCRBY key amount # Increment by amount
INCRBYFLOAT key amount # Increment float
DECR key # Decrement by 1
DECRBY key amount # Decrement by amount
Lists
List Operations
LPUSH key value # Push to left
RPUSH key value # Push to right
LPOP key # Pop from left
RPOP key # Pop from right
LLEN key # List length
LRANGE key start stop # Get range
LINDEX key index # Get by index
LSET key index value # Set by index
LINSERT key BEFORE|AFTER pivot value # Insert
LREM key count value # Remove elements
LTRIM key start stop # Trim list
Blocking Operations
BLPOP key timeout # Blocking left pop
BRPOP key timeout # Blocking right pop
BRPOPLPUSH source dest timeout # Blocking move
Sets
Set Operations
SADD key member # Add member
SREM key member # Remove member
SMEMBERS key # Get all members
SISMEMBER key member # Check membership
SCARD key # Set size
SPOP key # Remove random member
SRANDMEMBER key count # Get random members
SMOVE source dest member # Move member
Set Operations (Multiple Sets)
SUNION key1 key2 # Union
SINTER key1 key2 # Intersection
SDIFF key1 key2 # Difference
SUNIONSTORE dest key1 key2 # Union and store
SINTERSTORE dest key1 key2 # Intersection and store
SDIFFSTORE dest key1 key2 # Difference and store
Sorted Sets
Sorted Set Operations
ZADD key score member # Add member with score
ZREM key member # Remove member
ZSCORE key member # Get score
ZINCRBY key increment member # Increment score
ZCARD key # Set size
ZCOUNT key min max # Count in score range
ZRANK key member # Rank (ascending)
ZREVRANK key member # Rank (descending)
Range Operations
ZRANGE key start stop # Get range (ascending)
ZREVRANGE key start stop # Get range (descending)
ZRANGE key start stop WITHSCORES # With scores
ZRANGEBYSCORE key min max # By score range
ZREVRANGEBYSCORE key max min # By score (descending)
ZREMRANGEBYRANK key start stop # Remove by rank
ZREMRANGEBYSCORE key min max # Remove by score
Hashes
Hash Operations
HSET key field value # Set field
HGET key field # Get field
HMSET key f1 v1 f2 v2 # Set multiple fields
HMGET key field1 field2 # Get multiple fields
HGETALL key # Get all fields
HDEL key field # Delete field
HEXISTS key field # Check field exists
HKEYS key # Get all field names
HVALS key # Get all values
HLEN key # Number of fields
HINCRBY key field increment # Increment field
HINCRBYFLOAT key field increment # Increment float
HSETNX key field value # Set if not exists
Pub/Sub
Publish/Subscribe
SUBSCRIBE channel # Subscribe to channel
UNSUBSCRIBE channel # Unsubscribe
PSUBSCRIBE pattern # Subscribe to pattern
PUNSUBSCRIBE pattern # Unsubscribe from pattern
PUBLISH channel message # Publish message
PUBSUB CHANNELS # List active channels
PUBSUB NUMSUB channel # Number of subscribers
Transactions
Transaction Commands
MULTI # Start transaction
EXEC # Execute transaction
DISCARD # Cancel transaction
WATCH key # Watch key for changes
UNWATCH # Unwatch all keys
Transaction Example
MULTI
SET key1 value1
SET key2 value2
INCR counter
EXEC
Lua Scripting
Script Commands
EVAL script numkeys key [key ...] arg [arg ...]
EVALSHA sha1 numkeys key [key ...] arg [arg ...]
SCRIPT LOAD script # Load script
SCRIPT EXISTS sha1 # Check if exists
SCRIPT FLUSH # Remove all scripts
SCRIPT KILL # Kill running script
Script Example
EVAL "return redis.call('SET', KEYS[1], ARGV[1])" 1 mykey myvalue
Persistence
RDB (Snapshot)
SAVE # Synchronous save
BGSAVE # Background save
LASTSAVE # Last save timestamp
CONFIG SET save "900 1 300 10" # Auto-save config
AOF (Append Only File)
BGREWRITEAOF # Rewrite AOF
CONFIG SET appendonly yes # Enable AOF
CONFIG SET appendfsync everysec # Sync policy
Replication
Replication Commands
REPLICAOF host port # Set master
REPLICAOF NO ONE # Promote to master
ROLE # Show replication role
INFO replication # Replication info
Cluster
Cluster Commands
CLUSTER INFO # Cluster information
CLUSTER NODES # List nodes
CLUSTER SLOTS # Slot allocation
CLUSTER MEET ip port # Add node
CLUSTER FORGET node-id # Remove node
CLUSTER FAILOVER # Manual failover
Memory Management
Memory Commands
MEMORY USAGE key # Memory used by key
MEMORY STATS # Memory statistics
MEMORY DOCTOR # Memory analysis
MEMORY PURGE # Purge memory
Eviction Policies
CONFIG SET maxmemory 100mb # Set max memory
CONFIG SET maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru # Set eviction policy
# Policies: noeviction, allkeys-lru, volatile-lru, allkeys-random,
# volatile-random, volatile-ttl, allkeys-lfu, volatile-lfu
Performance
Benchmarking
redis-benchmark # Run benchmark
redis-benchmark -q # Quick mode
redis-benchmark -t set,get -n 100000 # Specific tests
redis-benchmark -c 50 -n 10000 # 50 clients, 10k requests
Monitoring
MONITOR # Monitor all commands
SLOWLOG GET 10 # Get slow queries
SLOWLOG LEN # Slow log length
SLOWLOG RESET # Clear slow log
CLIENT LIST # List clients
CLIENT KILL ip:port # Kill client
Data Types Summary
| Type | Use Case | Commands |
|---|---|---|
| String | Simple values, counters | SET, GET, INCR |
| List | Queues, stacks | LPUSH, RPUSH, LPOP |
| Set | Unique items, tags | SADD, SMEMBERS, SINTER |
| Sorted Set | Leaderboards, rankings | ZADD, ZRANGE, ZRANK |
| Hash | Objects, records | HSET, HGET, HGETALL |
Common Patterns
Caching
SET user:1000 '{"name":"John"}' EX 3600 # Cache for 1 hour
GET user:1000 # Get cached data
Counter
INCR page:views # Increment counter
INCRBY user:1000:points 10 # Add points
Rate Limiting
SET rate:user:1000 1 EX 60 NX # Allow once per minute
INCR rate:user:1000
GET rate:user:1000
Session Store
SETEX session:abc123 3600 '{"user_id":1000}'
GET session:abc123
Queue
LPUSH queue:tasks '{"task":"send_email"}'
BRPOP queue:tasks 0 # Blocking pop
Leaderboard
ZADD leaderboard 100 user1
ZADD leaderboard 200 user2
ZREVRANGE leaderboard 0 9 WITHSCORES # Top 10
Best Practices
- Use SCAN instead of KEYS in production
- Set expiration for temporary data
- Use pipelining for multiple commands
- Monitor memory usage regularly
- Use appropriate data structures
- Enable persistence (RDB or AOF)
- Use connection pooling in applications
- Avoid large keys (split if needed)
- Use Redis Cluster for scalability
- Regular backups are essential
CLI Tips
redis-cli --scan --pattern 'user:*' # Safe key scanning
redis-cli --bigkeys # Find large keys
redis-cli --memkeys # Memory usage by key
redis-cli --latency # Latency monitoring
redis-cli --stat # Real-time stats
redis-cli --csv # CSV output
Resources
- Official Documentation: https://redis.io/documentation
- Commands Reference: https://redis.io/commands
- Redis University: https://university.redis.com
- Try Redis: https://try.redis.io